What tuberculosis reveals about India’s urban health systems

What Happened

India accounts for one-fourth of global tuberculosis cases. TB spreads through airborne droplets and develops when vulnerabilities like malnutrition, overcrowding, and poor working conditions converge. Urban areas concentrate health risks despite better infrastructure than rural regions. Fragmented care, incomplete data integration between public and private sectors, and migration-related disruptions delay diagnosis and treatment. TB reflects failures in surveillance, social protection, and accessible primary healthcare systems.

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