
Indian criminal networks allegedly led by Lawrence Bishnoi gang systematically extort and intimidate Punjabi immigrants in California's Central Valley through cross-border violence threats, according to CalMatters investigation published April 15. Gangs exploit diaspora's family and business connections to Punjab and other Indian states. Typical targets include real estate developers, liquor contractors, and businessmen. Operatives direct operations from Indian prisons using smuggled phones and encrypted apps, making initial demands of $4,000-$7,000.