
US President Trump announced a two-week ceasefire with Iran after threatening to end civilizations, raising questions about deliberate use of the madman theory in foreign policy. This strategy, which proposes leaders influence adversaries through extreme threats and unpredictability, gained prominence during the Cold War. Penn State professor Roseanne McManus analyzes how Trump's inconsistent statements and willingness to violate norms demonstrate unpredictability and extremism. Compared to Nixon, Bush, Putin, and Kim Jong Un, Trump has cultivated a stronger madman image through consistent threats and shocking actions.