
Conflicts cause significant environmental damage through emissions, pollution, and resource destruction. Historical wars destroyed forests and ecosystems; modern warfare extends across land, sea, and air. Gaza war generated 500,000+ tonnes CO2 in 120 days. Vietnam War deliberately destroyed 5 million acres of forest using Agent Orange. Gulf War caused largest oil spill, contaminating 800 km coastline. Russia-Ukraine conflict damaged protected habitats. Environmental degradation from warfare is now recognized as critical global concern requiring international legal action.