
Tamil Nadu's welfare spending has evolved from one-time consumer goods distribution to monthly cash transfers. The Magalir Urimai Thogai scheme provides ₹1,000 monthly to women household heads, costing ₹13,800 crore annually. Subsidies now represent 48% of fiscal deficit by FY25. Similar cash transfer models exist in Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh. Electoral promises suggest further expansion of monthly transfer amounts.