
The Sixteenth Finance Commission's recommendations for 2026-31, accepted by the Union government, have raised concerns about federal balance. Despite retaining states' 41 percent share, their effective share reduced from 36 percent to 32 percent. Fourteen states, mostly smaller ones, received lower tax shares. The Commission discontinued revenue deficit grants to fiscally weaker states and doubled discretionary transfers to local bodies, shifting from statutory equity to discretionary central leverage.