
Sudan's conflict between the army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces continues into its fourth year with no end in sight. The army controls northern, central, and eastern regions including Khartoum, while RSF controls Darfur and Kordofan areas. Recent military developments include the army's January 2025 recapture of Wad Madani and RSF's October capture of el-Fasher. The humanitarian crisis is catastrophic: 14 million displaced, 26 million face food insecurity, 33.7 million need assistance.